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- **************************************
- * Zinc finger, C3HC4 type, signature *
- **************************************
-
- A number of eukaryotic and viral proteins contain a conserved cysteine-rich
- domain of 40 to 60 residues probably involved in the zinc-dependent binding of
- DNA [1,2,3,4]. The spacing of the cysteines in such a domain is C-x(2)-C-
- x(11 to 27)-C-x-H-x(2)-C-x(2)-C-x(6 to 17)-C-x(2)-C. Accordingly, this domain
- is known as the C3HC4 zinc-finger.
-
- Proteins currently known to include the C3HC4 domain are listed below
- (references are only provided for recently determined sequences).
-
- - Mammalian V(D)J recombination activating protein (gene RAG1). RAG1
- activates the rearrangement of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes.
- - Mouse rpt-1. Rpt-1 is a trans-acting factor that regulates gene expression
- directed by the promoter region of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain
- or the LTR promoter region of HIV-1.
- - Human rfp. Rfp is a developmentally regulated protein that may function in
- male germ cell development. Recombination of the N-terminal section of rfp
- with a protein tyrosine kinase produces the ret transforming protein.
- - Human 52 Kd Ro/SS-A protein. A protein of unknown function from the Ro/SS-A
- ribonucleoprotein complex. Sera from patients with systemic lupus
- erythematosus or primary Sjogren's syndrome often contain antibodies that
- react with the Ro proteins.
- - Human histocompatibility locus protein RING1.
- - Human PML, a probable transcription factor. Chromosomal translocation of
- PML with retinoic receptor alpha creates a fusion protein which is the
- cause of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
- - Mammalian cbl proto-oncogene [5].
- - Mammalian bmi-1 proto-oncogene.
- - Mammalian mel-18 protein. Mel-18 is expressed in a variety of tumor cells.
- - Mammalian peroxisome assembly factor-1 (PAF-1) (PMP35), which is somewhat
- involved in the biogenesis of peroxisomes. In humans, defects in PAF-1 are
- responsible for a form of Zellweger syndrome, an autosomal recessive
- disorder associated with peroxisomal deficiencies.
- - Human RING1 protein.
- - Xenopus XNF7 protein, a probable transcription factor.
- - Trypanosoma protein ESAG-8 (T-LR), which may be involved in the
- postranscriptional regulation of genes in VSG expression sites or may
- interact with adenylate cyclase to regulate its activity [6].
- - Drosophila proteins Posterior Sex Combs (Psc) and Suppressor two of zeste
- (Su(z)2) [7]. The two proteins belong to the Polycomb group of genes needed
- to maintain the segment-specific repression of homeotic selector genes.
- - Arabidopsis thaliana protein COP1 [8] which is involved in the regulation
- of photomorphogenesis.
- - Fungal DNA repair proteins RAD5, RAD16, RAD18 and rad8.
- - Herpesviruses trans-acting transcriptional protein ICP0/IE110. This protein
- which has been characterized [9] in many different herpesviruses is a
- trans-activator and/or -repressor of the expression of many viral and
- cellular promoters.
- - Baculoviruses protein CG30.
- - Baculoviruses major immediate early protein (PE-38).
- - Baculoviruses immediate-early regulatory protein IE-N/IE-2.
- - Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical proteins F54G8.4, R05D3.4 and T02C1.1.
- - Yeast hypothetical protein YKR017c.
-
- As a signature pattern for the C3HC4 finger, we selected the central region of
- the domain.
-
- -Consensus pattern: C-x-H-x-[LIVMFY]-C-x(2)-C-[LIVMYA]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for rad8.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: Mastomys natalensis papillomavirus
- protein E6 and mammalian GTP-binding protein ARD1.
- -Last update: June 1994 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Freemont P.S., Hanson I.M., Trowsdale J.
- Cell 64:483-484(1991).
- [ 2] Haupt Y., Alexander W.S., Barri G., Klinken S.P., Adams J.M.
- Cell 65:753-763(1991).
- [ 3] Reddy B.A., Etkin L.D.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 19:6330-6330(1991).
- [ 4] Goebl M.G.
- Cell 66:623-623(1991).
- [ 5] Blake T.J., Shapiro M., Morse H.C. III, Langdon W.Y.
- Oncogene 6:653-657(1991).
- [ 6] Ross D.T., Raibaud A., Florent I.C., Sather S., Gross M.K., Storm D.R.,
- Eisen H.
- EMBO J. 10:2047-2053(1991).
- [ 7] Brunk B.P., Martin E.C., Adler P.N.
- Nature 353:351-353(1991).
- [ 8] Deng X.-W., Matsui M., Wei N., Wagner D., Chu A.M., Feldmann K.A.,
- Quail P.H.
- Cell 71:791-801(1992).
- [ 9] Moriuchi H., Moriuchi M., Smith H.A., Straus S.E., Cohen J.I.
- J. Virol. 66:7303-7308(1992).
-